Journal: Brain and Behavior

Article Title: How Do Individually Ventilated Cages Affect the Welfare of Male BALB/c Mice? Comprehensive Assessment of Behavior, Metabolism, and Responses to Acute Painful Stimuli

doi: 10.1002/brb3.70601

Figure Lengend Snippet: Comparison of ACTH, CORT, leptin, and ghrelin levels across groups. The number of subjects in each group was as follows: OTC‐NG ( n = 8), OTC‐EG ( n = 16), IVC‐NG ( n = 8), and IVC‐EG ( n = 16). Statistical analysis was performed using the two‐way ANOVA test. A Bonferroni adjustment was used to compare interactions between cage systems and groups. Significant differences between groups were described as * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01, and *** p < 0.001. Data are presented as means ± SEM. (A) Both the cage system and the group showed significant main effects for ACTH levels, but the interaction between the cage system and the group was not significant. Cage system (IVC vs. OTC): F 1, 44 = 63.029, p < 0.001; group type (EG vs. NG): F 1, 44 = 21.637, p < 0.001; interaction (cage system * group type): F 1, 44 = 1.018, p = 0.319. (B) For CORT levels, significant main effects were observed for the cage system but not for the group, and the interaction between the cage system and the group was not significant. Cage system (IVC vs. OTC): F 1, 44 = 26.707, p < 0.001; group type (EG vs. NG): F 1, 44 = 0.112, p = 0.739; interaction (cage system * group type): F 1, 44 = 0.032, p = 0.858. (C) For leptin levels, the interactions between cage system, group type, and cage system vs. group were all significant. Cage system (IVC vs. OTC): F 1, 44 = 43.222, p < 0.001; group type (EG vs. NG): F 1, 44 = 23.720, p < 0.001; interaction (cage system * group type): F 1, 44 = 18.743, p < 0.001. (D) For ghrelin levels, there were significant differences in the cage system effect and group type, while the interaction between the cage system and group was insignificant. Cage system (IVC vs. OTC): F 1, 44 = 24.862, p < 0.001; group type (EG vs. NG): F 1, 44 = 4.173, p = 0.047; interaction (cage system * group type): F 1, 44 = 0.000, p = 0.983.

Article Snippet: Ghrelin levels were determined using the rat/mouse ghrelin (active) kit (Millipore, USA), cat. no. EZRGRA‐90K, and values were expressed as pg/mL.

Techniques: Comparison

Journal: Drug Design, Development and Therapy

Article Title: Proteomic Insights into the Effects of Jianweixiaoshi Tablets on Functional Dyspepsia with Spleen Deficiency in Rats

doi: 10.2147/DDDT.S477034

Figure Lengend Snippet: JWXS modulates the secretion of gastrointestinal hormones in SD-FD rats. ( A ) Gastrin, ( B ) Motilin, ( C ) Cholecystokinin-octapeptide (CCK8), ( D ) Ghrelin, ( E ) Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP), and ( F ) Somatostatin (SST) in serum are shown (n=6 rats per group). ⁎ p < 0.05, ⁎⁎ p < 0.01 compared to the control group; # p < 0.05, ## p < 0.01, ### p < 0.01 compared to the model group.

Article Snippet: Concentrations of the gastrin ELISA kit (CSB-E12743r), motilin ELISA kit (CSB-E08208r), vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP) ELISA kit (CSB-E08355r), ghrelin ELISA kit (CSB-E09816r), and somatostatin (SST) ELISA kit (CSB-E08204r) were purchased from Cusabio Biotech Co. Ltd. (Wuhan, China).

Techniques: Control

Journal: Nutrients

Article Title: Anti-Obesity Effects of a Collagen with Low Digestibility and High Swelling Capacity: A Human Randomized Control Trial

doi: 10.3390/nu16203550

Figure Lengend Snippet: Serum levels of ghrelin in fasting rats and after the ingestion of the experimental food supplemented with either collagen or casein (2 h and 5 h). The values are expressed as a rate of change with respect to the initial value in fasting rats. ** p ˂ 0.01 vs. Casein (Student’s t -test).

Article Snippet: Total ghrelin was quantified with the rat/mouse ghrelin (active) ELISA kit (EZRGRA-90K, Millipore Sigma, Darmstadt, Germany) and the area under the curve was measured.

Techniques: